Premature separation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus often due to cocaine or amphetamine use during pregnancy, resulting in spontaneous abortion or premature delivery or as well as severe infections from intravenous use.

A potent herb liquor containing wormwood, anise, and fennel that initially causes stimulation and euphoria but, like other distilled spirits, in large doses can be toxic. Absinthe has a characteristic natural green color but can also be colorless. It is often called “the Green Fairy.”

It achieved great popularity as an alcoholic drink in late 19th- and early 20th-century France, particularly among Parisian artists and writers. Due in part to its association with bohemian culture, absinthe was opposed by social conservatives and prohibitionists. Charles Baudelaire, Paul Verlaine, Arthur Rimbaud, Vincent van Gogh, Oscar Wilde, and Aleister Crowley were all notorious “bad men” of that day who were (or were thought to be) devotees of the Green Fairy.

Absinthe was portrayed as a dangerously addictive psychoactive drug.[3] The chemical thujone, present in small quantities, was blamed for its alleged harmful effects. By 1915, absinthe had been banned in the United States and in most European countries except the United Kingdom, Sweden, Spain, Portugal, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Although absinthe was vilified, no evidence has shown it to be any more dangerous than ordinary liquor. Its psychoactive properties, apart from those of alcohol, had been much exaggerated.

A revival of absinthe began in the 1990s, when countries in the European Union began to reauthorize its manufacture and sale. By early 2008, many brands of absinthe were being produced in European countries, notably in France, Switzerland, Spain, and the Czech Republic. Commercial distillation of absinthe in the United States resumed in 2007.

The act of refraining from the use of alcohol and any other drug. It also refers to stopping addictive behaviors, such as overeating and gambling. Some withdrawals, as from marijuana is more drawn out because much of the THC has been retained in the brain and only after a relatively long period of abstinence will the withdrawal effects appear.

A theory of addiction that says it is caused by the body’s adaptation to continued use of psychoactive drugs. The academic model says that it’s the adaptation to toxic effects of psychoactive drugs that causes the development of tolerance, tissue dependence, withdrawal, psychological dependence, and ultimately addiction. The other main theories are the addictive disease model, the behavioral/environmental model, and the diathesis-stress theory of addiction.

Acceptance and adoption of customs and mores of one culture by another. After addressing any emergency physical or mental health needs, the first thing a treatment facility has to determine is the level of acculturation coming in for treatment. Different levels of acculturation depending on the number of generations they have been in the United States. (For example, many Chinese Americans and Japanese Americans stretch back four or five generations, whereas the newer immigrants, such as Laotians, Vietnamese, Koreans, Hmong, and Thai, go back only one or two generations . Key issues for Asians and Pacific Islanders (APIs) populations include immigration, acculturation, and intergenerational conflicts.

A volatile solvent abused as an inhalant; minute traces are found naturally in the body. Toxins and cancer-causing agents such as acetone, red phosphorus, hydrochloric acid, benzene, and lead acetate are left behind or secretly dumped into streams and landfills.

The first neurotransmitter to be discovered, it works at the nerve/muscle interfaces. It also affects memory, learning, aggression, alertness, blood pressure, heart rate, sexual behavior, and mental acuity. It is mostly active at nerve/muscle junctions (e.g., cardiac inhibition and vasodilation), and it also helps control mental acuity, memory, and learning. Acetylcholine imbalance has been implicated in Alzheimer’s disease.