Chapter 7
Other Drugs, Other Addictions

Chapter Outline

I.      INTRODUCTION

II.    INHALANTS
            A. HISTORY (see chapter 1)
            B. EPIDEMiOLOGY
             1. Use By Sex & Age
            C. METHODS OF INHALATION
            D. VOLATILE SOLVENTS
             1. Short-Term Effects
             2. Long-Term Effects
             3. Toluene (methyl benzene)
             4. Trichloroethylene (TCE)
             5. N-Hexane & Methyl Butyl Ketone (MBK)
             6. Alkanes
             7. Gasoline
             8. Alcohols
             9. Warning Signs of Solvent Abuse
            E. VOLATILE NITRITES
            F. ANESTHETICS
             1. Nitrous Oxide (N2O)
             2. Halothane
            G. DEPENDENCE
            H. PREVENTION

III.   SPORTS & DRUGS
            A. INTRODUCTION
            B. HISTORY
             1. International Politics
             2. Commercialization of Sports
             3. Extent of Abuse
            C. THERAPEUTIC DRUGS
             1. Analgesics (painkillers) & Anesthetics
             2. Muscle Relaxants
             3. Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
             4. Asthma Medications (beta2 agonists)
            D. ANABOLIC STEROIDS & OTHER PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING
             (ergogenic) DRUGS
             1. Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids (AASs or “roids”)
            E. STIMULANTS
             1. Amphetamines
             2. Caffeine
             3. Ephedra (ma huang) & Ephedrine
             4. Tobacco
            F. HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE (HGH)
            G. OTHER PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING DRUGS & TECHNIQUES
             1. Androstenedione & Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)
             2. Beta Blockers (propranolol [Inderol®] & atenolol [Tenormin®])
             3. Erythropoietin (EPO)
             4. Blood Doping
             5. Creatine
             6. Diuretics
             7. GHB (gamma-hydroxybutyrate)
             8. Soda Doping
             9. Weight Loss
               10. Miscellaneous Performance-Enhancing Drugs
            H. THE RECREATIONAL/ MOOD-ALTERING USE OF DRUGS BY ATHLETES
             1. Stimulants
             2. Sedative-Hypnotics
             3. Alcohol
             4. Marijuana
            I. TESTING
            J. ETHICAL ISSUES

IV.   MISCELLANEOUS DRUGS
            A. UNUSUAL SUBSTANCES
             1. Gasoline
             2. Embalming Fluid (formaldehyde)
             3. Raid®, Hairspray, & Lysol®
             4. Kava
             5. Camel Dung
             6. Toad Secretions (bufotenine)
            B. HERBAL PREPARATIONS & SMART DRUGS/DRINKS
             1. Herbal Preparations
             2. Smart Drugs/Drinks
             3. Nootropics

V.     COMPULSIVE   BEHAVIORS

VI.   HEREDITY, ENVIRONMENT, & COMPULSIVE BEHAVIORS
            A. HEREDITY
            B. ENVIRONMENT
            C. COMPULSIVE BEHAVIORS

VII.  COMPULSIVE GAMBLING
            A. HISTORY
             1. Gambling in Ancient Civilizations
             2. Gambling in America
            B. EPIDEMIOLOGY
            C. CHARACTERISTICS
             1. Winning Phase
             2. Losing Phase
             3. Desperation Phase
             4. Giving-Up Phase
            D. VIDEO POKER MACHINES
             1. Gamblers Anonymous
            E. TREATMENT

VIII. COMPULSIVE SHOPPING

IX.    EATING DISORDERS
            A. EPIDEMIOLOGY
            B. ANOREXIA NERVOSA
             1. Definition
             2. Causes
             3. Effects
             4. Treatment
            C. BULIMIA NERVOSA
             1. Definition
             2. Causes
             3. Effects
             4. Treatment
            D. BINGE-EATING DISORDER (including compulsive overeating)
             1. Definition
             2. Causes
             3. Effects
             4. Treatment
             5. Pharmaceutical Treatments for Obesity

X.      SEXUAL ADDICTION
            A. DEFINITION
            B. EFFECTS & SIDE EFFECTS

XI.     INTERNET ADDICTION
            A. DESCRIPTION
            B. CYBERSEXUAL ADDICTION
            C. COMPUTER RELATIONSHIP ADDICTION
            D. INTERNET COMPULSIONS
             1. Information Addiction
             2. Computer Games Addiction

XII.    CONCLUSIONS